TL431

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Detail Description

The TL431 is a versatile programmable reference voltage device often used in power supply regulation and various electronic applications. Here are the key features and details:

Specifications:

  • Type: Adjustable voltage reference (shunt regulator)
  • Output Voltage Range: Typically adjustable from 1.25V to 36V.
  • Tolerance: Generally around ±1% for the reference voltage.
  • Output Current: Can sink up to 100 mA.

Features:

  • Programmable: The output voltage can be set using two external resistors, making it customizable for different applications.
  • Low Output Impedance: Provides good regulation, making it suitable for precision applications.
  • Temperature Stability: Offers stable performance over a wide temperature range.
  • Compact Package: Available in various package types, including TO-92, SOIC, and others.

Applications:

  • Power Supply Circuits: Used as a voltage reference in switch-mode power supplies (SMPS) and linear regulators.
  • Feedback Control: Commonly found in voltage feedback loops for maintaining stable output voltage.
  • Battery Management: Can be used in battery chargers for voltage regulation.
  • Instrumentation: Useful in measurement devices where a precise reference voltage is necessary.

Example Application Circuit:

To set a specific output voltage (Vout), you typically use the formula: Vout=Vref(1+R2R1)+Iref×R2V_{out} = V_{ref} \left(1 + \frac{R_2}{R_1}\right) + I_{ref} \times R_2 where:

  • VrefV_{ref} is typically 1.25V,
  • R1R_1 and R2R_2 are the resistors connected to the device.

Considerations:

  • Power Dissipation: Be mindful of the power rating of the resistors and the TL431 itself to prevent overheating.
  • Input / Output Isolation: Ensure that the load does not exceed the current specifications.

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TL431
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